The domestic and commercial use of underground space dates back to
Neanderthal man living in caves. There are many examples worldwide of
the imaginative use of underground excavations, either left by mining or
purpose-built. World living trends indicate that an increasing percentage
of the population is living in and around major cities. Environmental,
social and economic pressures associated with urban expansion can be
partially catered for by a well-planned and integrated underground space
regime. This paper addresses the types of underground development that are
complementary to the economic and environmental pressures associated
with urban expansion and high density cities. The paper explores the
implications of mining and exploration technology and civil engineering,
as well as the ancillary professional disciplines (legal, architecture and
planning, sociology and education).