This paper looks at the problems associated with surface settlements and
other subsidence effects from the underground extraction of coal in relation to
consent applications under the Resource Management Act. The main features of
subsidence are examined with respect to identifying the adverse effects as
defined under the RMA. Particular attention is paid to sites where little or no
data is available as in the case of greenfield sites or at mines where new or
different mining methods are being introduced. In these situations it is not
possible to make accurate predictions of settlements or strains and therefore
other factors need to be considered. The long term effects which might occur
post mining are examined in relation to mitigation and management
options.