Global cement production accounts for about five per cent of man-made CO2 emissions (WBCSD, 2002). Such operating practices will increasingly be considered unsustainable, unless significant reductions in environmental impact can be realised by the industry._x000D_
Slag is a high volume waste product from ironmaking, with about 300 kg of slag being produced per ton of iron. Critically, one ton of slag waste, if used as a replacement feedstock for Ordinary Portland cement (OPC), can prevent around one ton of emitted CO2 since no calcining is required. Slag cement blends can also show superior properties compared to OPC, such as lower heats of hydration and higher late strengths, but more development is needed to overcome their low early strengths._x000D_
Rapid quenching of molten slag is required to produce hydraulically-active' binder when reacting with OPC; but water quenching can also require between five to ten tons of water per ton of slag at the plant. Dry' granulation (atomisation) is emerging as an alternative technology, the resulting solid product does not require drying, and possibilities exist for recovering heat energy from the hot slag._x000D_
CSIRO Minerals has well-developed skills and equipment in pilot-scale pyrometallurgical treatment, and granulation of molten slag, including traditional wet, and also dry methods. Techno-economic desktop studies can also be used to help quantify factors such as value-adding of treated waste products, potential reductions in CO2 emissions and carbon credits, reductions in water consumption, and the possible decreased energy costs associated with fine grinding of dry slag granulate._x000D_
The authors will present preliminary results from slag atomisation/dry granulation testwork (0.5 - 2.5 kg scale) and associated modelling studies, conducted using a synthetic' and industrial ironmaking slag. Outcomes from a techno-economic study on production of cement utilising wet or dry atomised slag granulate will also be discussed in detail.