The Vanyukov Process is a high-intensity smelting system that has been
proven over the last 20 years for various metallurgical operations
including the smelting of copper, nickel, copper-zinc, antimony
concentrates, municipal waste treatment and pig-iron production.
Extensive pilot plant tests on copper and copper-nickel concentrates have
provided information for the design of the commercial furnaces. The
thermodynamic analysis, design idea and the data obtained from
commercial furnaces have shown that Vanyukov Process would be the
best choice to smelt copper-nickel and nickel sulphide concentrates as
well as oxide nickel ores.