A resource rent taxation scheme is based on the concept of taxing the rent or surplus profit generated from primary industry activity. Rent has been defined as profits that remain after deduction of company income which corresponds to the minimum return necessary to attract private investment to a new project._x000D_
Rent taxation schemes on the mining industry within the Australasian region have been examined and widely discussed during the decades of the 1970s and 1980s._x000D_
Forms of resource rent taxation schemes have been imposed on Papua New Guinea mining, some sectors of Australian petroleum, the Roxby Downs venture and are being discussed for the New South Wales coal industry. While no introduced applications have been pure rent taxation schemes, the concept has generally come to encompass arrangements which tax rent at a partial rate which may or may not vary with the level of profitability or return._x000D_
An examination is made of a number of the more recent schemes. Aspects which should be considered in implementation of new forms of this taxation are discussed._x000D_
It is concluded that there is an increased acceptance for this form of taxation on the Australian mining industry.