Mining work is a high-risk operatation under a special environment. It is affected by space, lighting, noise, vibration, dust, air pollution, etc as well as coal seam conditions, complicated geology construction, combustion of coal, gas, coal dust, etc. Factors which affects safety production are numerous, eg natural conditions, technical equipment level, producers' and managers' qualities. It is a complex system engineering to ensure mining safety and high efficiency. Among the ideology, methods and measures of safety management are the most important factors besides safety technology. Mine productive environment is a main problem that affects miner's work as far as safety and health are concerned. Combining China's mine productive environment situation and using human ergonomics theory, this paper explores a series of measures and suggestions as to how to reinforce safety management, how to build up the safety management ideology, how to improve the mine production environment, how to decrease coal mine accidents, and how to ensure mining safety and high efficiency.